Dapagliflozin and Bisoprolol: A Brief Review

This article provides a comprehensive overview of dapagliflozin and bisoprolol, two pharmacologically distinct drugs used to manage type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular risks. Dapagliflozin, a selective SGLT2 inhibitor, enhances glycemic control by promoting urinary glucose excretion, while bisoprolol, a cardioselective β1-blocker, reduces blood pressure and cardiac workload. Their combination offers synergistic benefits in patients with coexisting diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The article explores their chemical profiles, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic uses, contraindications, and adverse effects. Analytical methods including RP-HPLC, IR spectroscopy, TLC, and solubility/melting point studies are discussed, with chromatographic methods optimized for simultaneous estimation. A robust, precise, and validated TLC method, in line with ICH Q2 (R2) guidelines, is proposed for quantitative analysis in bulk and tablet formulations. Forced degradation studies confirm the stability profile of both drugs. This study supports the clinical and analytical potential of dapagliflozin–bisoprolol combinations in therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications.