Green Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts: Characterization and Biological Applications

Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical methods. In this study, we report the synthesis of ZnO or Fe O nanoparticles using Mimosa pudica leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM/TEM, and DLS to confirm their structural, morphological, and optical properties. The biological efficacy of the nanoparticles was evaluated through antioxidant (DPPH and TAC assays), antibacterial (zone of inhibition), and Antidiabetic (á-amylase and áglucosidase inhibition) activities. The results highlight the potential of plant-based green synthesis in developing bio functional nanomaterials for therapeutic and environmental applications.