Rate of hemoglobin decrease and clinical and laboratory status in premature infants with anemia

Prematurity and related diseases are the main cause of neonatal mortality. The overall morbidity in children born prematurely is inversely proportional to gestational age. Early anemia of prematurity is one of the pathologies that aggravate the course of many diseases in children born prematurely. But it is not fully understood how comorbid conditions affect the development of anemia of prematurity and whether they make any contribution to the aggravation of this condition in premature children, according to the data of the literature published to date. The article presents the results of the analysis of the association of the rate of decrease in hemoglobin in babies with early anemia of prematurity and anthropometric parameters (weight and height at birth); asphyxia at birth, points on the Apgar scale at 1 minute; the presence and duration of artificial ventilation, laboratory parameters of the erythroid germ of peripheral blood at birth; comorbid conditions that were most often noted in this cohort of patients. The data analysis did not reveal any association between the rate of hemoglobin decrease and anthropometric parameters, birth asphyxia, presence and duration of artificial ventilation. No positive effect of erythropoietin administration on the rate of manifestation of early anemia of prematurity was found. An association was found between the rate of hemoglobin concentration decrease and neonatal jaundice for the entire cohort of children. It was also established that the hemoglobin concentration has an advantage over that the absolute number of erythrocytes when assessing erythron parameters over time.