What/who is to blame for the food waste: a cross-country investigation of the role of cultural background on food waste behavior

Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate how the role and importance of culture-related determinants of food waste vary among different countries and cultural environments. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey with 1,984 respondents served as a source of primary information. Results were processed using partial least squares structural equation modeling, evaluating eight hypotheses among cultural constructs and food waste. Cultural dimensions were embedded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Findings Confucian cultures emphasizing communal relationships and the philosophical nature of food yielded less waste, while consumerist cultures yielded more waste from convenience behaviors. Ceremonial feasting produced more waste in individualist cultures, yet environmental habits reduced waste when there was institutional support. Social interactions produced twin effects (over-preparation and sharing). Originality/value This study integrates cultural constructs with the TPB in a novel way to reveal latent positions of consumerism and traditions. It rejects assumptions of one-size-fits-all for waste drivers and encourages policies that are sensitive to local values, ethics and social practices.