"Why Does Coach Do That?" Exploring Influences of Coach Behavior in Non-Elite Women's Artistic Gymnastics

This two study dissertation explores coaching in women's artistic gymnastics, as the sport has been criticized for harsh and controlling coaching methods. The first study investigated whether coaches who experienced mistreatment as young gymnasts were more likely to adopt controlling coaching practices. While there was no direct link, those with a history of mistreatment tended to struggle more with managing their emotions. The second study tested whether coaches view controlling coaching as more acceptable for younger or more advanced gymnasts. The results showed that neither age nor skill level made a difference—controlling coaching was generally viewed as unacceptable, while supportive coaching was preferred. These findings challenge the long-standing belief that harsh coaching is deeply ingrained in gymnastics. While many current coaches have personal experiences of mistreatment, the sport appears to be shifting toward a more supportive, athlete-centered culture—at least at the non-elite levels. This suggests a growing recognition that gymnasts can thrive with healthier coaching practices.