A Bifunctional Luminol/Fe@MOF Nanocomposite-Based Colorimetric/ECL Dual-Mode Sensor for ATP Ultrasensitive Detection

The reliable detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is crucial due to its significant role in various physiological and metabolic processes. Herein, a bifunctional nanocomposite composed of Fe(II) and luminol in zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (Lu/Fe@ZIF-90) with high electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission and peroxidase-mimicking activity was synthesized. In the presence of ATP, Lu/Fe@ZIF-90 was decomposed due to the high coordination between <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm {Zn}}^{{2}+}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in ZIF-90 and ATP, which facilitated the construction of a colorimetric/ECL dual-mode sensor for the detection of ATP. The limits of detection were measured to be <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5~\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>M and 0.042 pM via colorimetric-mode and ECL-mode, respectively, confirming the high sensitivity of the sensor. Furthermore, the reliability and practicability of the sensor were demonstrated by the real samples assay with good recovery, implying that the present bifunctional dual-mode probe provided a promising platform for the reliable sensing of ATP.