Deterrence Theory in the Intention to Download Pirated Movies on Generation Z

Advances in information technology have brought about major changes in the access and distribution of digital content, including films. One of the emerging phenomena is the increasing practice of illegal film downloading, often referred to as digital piracy. In Indonesia, especially among Generation Z—a young age group born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s—this phenomenon has become an interesting and relevant issue to study. Generation Z is known as a digital native generation that is very familiar with technology, the internet, and social media. Their habits in accessing films online are often not accompanied by full awareness of the legality aspects of the content they consume. This study uses a quantitative approach with a non-experimental type. Perception of Legal Risk and Intention to Download Pirated Films have Cronbach's Alpha values ​​of 0.862 and 0.836, respectively. These values ​​indicate that the questionnaire instrument used in this study is in the very reliable category because the alpha value is > 0.7. The results of the simple linear regression analysis show that the perception of legal risk has a negative and significant effect on Generation Z's intention to download pirated films, with a regression coefficient value of 0.694 and a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). This means that the higher an individual's perception of legal risk, the lower their intention to pirate films. The coefficient of determination (R Square) value of 0.482 indicates that 48.2% of the variation in the intention to download pirated films can be explained by the perception of legal risk, while the remaining 51.8% is explained by other variables outside this model. his shows that the perception of legal risk is one of the important factors, but not the only one, in forming the intention to pirate among Generation Z. This finding implies the importance of increasing legal awareness among Generation Z through education that emphasizes the aspects of legality, digital ethics, and the legal consequences of piracy. Although Generation Z is classified as technologically literate, not all of them have sufficient understanding of copyright infringement, so a preventive and persuasive approach is needed from various parties, including educational institutions and the government