Circadian Rhythm-Aligned Antioxidant Delivery: A Non-Invasive Strategy to Combat Oxidative Stress in Indian Adults

Introduction: Oxidative stress contributes to chronic diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular ailments, and neurodegenerative conditions, which are common among Indian adults. Aligning antioxidant administration with biological circadian rhythms may offer a promising, non-invasive intervention strategy (1,2). Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted between January and June 2024 and enrolled 1,000 Indian adults aged 30–60 years from urban and rural areas. Participants were randomized into two groups: Group A received Vitamin C and E at circadian-optimized timings, while Group B received them at fixed standard times. Oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed via salivary assays. Statistical analysis was performed in May 2024 using SPSS (p<0.05 considered significant). Results: Group A showed significantly reduced levels of malondialdehyde (1.85 ± 0.23 µmol/L) compared to Group B (2.32 ± 0.27 µmol/L, p<0.001), and higher total antioxidant capacity (1.67 ± 0.14 vs. 1.42 ± 0.15 mmol/L, p<0.001). Discussion: Chronotherapy-based antioxidant delivery was found effective in reducing oxidative stress markers. This supports its potential as a cost-effective, personalized intervention for lifestyle-related conditions.