Phytoremediatory Approaches of Brassica juncea Against Heavy Metals for Agricultural Progress

The presence of heavy metals in soil represents a significant environmental concern. Soil serves as a vital and compact medium essential for optimal plant growth. Brassica juncea, commonly known as mustard, is recognized as an effective accumulator of heavy metals, capable of absorbing elements such as mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) from the soil in varying concentrations. Elevated levels of these heavy metals pose risks to agricultural ecosystems, particularly as zinc and mercury are notably toxic, adversely affecting plant growth and reducing mustard yield. Humic acid plays a crucial role in enhancing nutrient uptake, improving soil structure, and promoting root development. The carboxyl groups in humic acid can mitigate the toxicity of metals like Hg and Zn in plants, while humic acid-zinc complexes can lower zinc concentrations. This study measures various parameters, including the uptake of Hg and Zn in roots and stems, as well as levels of proline, anthocyanin, and chlorophyll. An increase in humic acid concentration is associated with improved biochemical indicators such as proline and chlorophyll. The objective of this research article is to assess the impact of humic acid on zinc absorption in Brassica juncea.