Comparative Study on Removal of Bismarck Brown Using Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation

The dried leaves of bamboo were combined with metal oxide to effectively act as a photocatalyst and adsorbent to remove Bismarck brown dye. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to examine structural and morphological aspects. The photocatalytic and adsorption performance of synthesized green composite depends on several variables, like pH, contact time, catalyst amount, temperature, etc. Studies investigating the mechanism of the green composite revealed that electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding are the primary factors that influence adsorption, while superoxide radicals O2.- are the main active species in photocatalytic degradation. Trapping study experimental data indicate that photocatalytic degradation has a higher degradation efficiency of 83.21% than adsorption 50.30%. Therefore, photocatalytic degradation is more effective than adsorption for removing Bismarck brown dye.