The Role of Diplomacy and Dialogue in Handling Armed Conflict in Papua Through a Holistic Approach

The armed conflict in Papua is a complex and multidimensional problem, rooted in the process of Papua's integration into Indonesia through the Act of Free Choice (PEPERA) in 1969. The conflict involves interconnected political, economic, social and cultural aspects. The security approach adopted by the government, including military operations and the status of the Military Operation Area (DOM), has worsened relations between the government and the Papuan people. In an effort to resolve the conflict, diplomacy and dialog are offered as constructive alternatives. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method to explore the role of diplomacy and dialogue through a holistic approach, integrating political, economic, social and cultural dimensions in conflict resolution in Papua. The analysis shows that the implementation of Special Autonomy has not been fully effective in addressing the dissatisfaction of the Papuan people. A holistic approach involving various stakeholders is needed to achieve a sustainable solution. Experiences from conflict resolution in other regions, such as Aceh and Mindanao, show the importance of political commitment, inclusive mediation, and the integration of local values in the peace process. Policy recommendations include revitalizing national dialogue, strengthening special autonomy, empowering the local economy, and preserving Papuan culture