Cost assessment of robotic technology in maize farming and related logistics

Germany is facing a growing shortage of skilled labour. The use of autonomous field robots in crop production offers a potential solution to this structural challenge. This study analysed the application of AgBot 2.055W4 in maize cultivation and related logistics on two farms in the Osnabrück district, Lower Saxony. The economic analysis is based on a scenario-based simulation of autonomous field robot operations, complemented by an experimental work time study focusing on logistical processes. Compared with tractor-based operations, the field robot required additional time of 0.05 h/ha within the logistics workflow due to loading onto a low-loader. Increased machinery, diesel, and labour inputs result in additional costs of 13.38 €/ha for field work and 7.56 €/ha for logistics. Assuming uninterrupted autonomous field operation, a potentially productive working time of 0.66 h/ha for other activities can be obtained. If this time is used productively by the operator, a net benefit of 6.29 €/ha compared with tractor-based operations can be realised.