Comparative ameliorating effects of calcium ions and silicon dioxide on serum parameters of Channa punctatus (Bloch) in acid aluminum-induced toxicity

The bioavailability and toxicity of aluminum can be significantly amplified in acidic and poorly buffered aquatic environments. High concentrations of both increased H+ ions and aluminum are directly toxic to fish. The biochemical variables are used as an index of fish physiology. Significant elevation of blood glucose level noted in acute acid exposure alone as well as in the presence of sublethal (140 mg/L) aluminum for 7 days. There was a significant decline in serum Na+ and Cl- ions in both the treated groups. Both serum K+ and protein concentrations of fish exposed to a sublethal dose of aluminum revealed elevated values. Blood glucose level, serum K+, and protein concentrations significantly decreased the values with the application of ameliorating agents. Application of silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate reduces the toxicity of aluminum on the biochemical parameters of freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch).