Using a WEB-camera to Measure the Displacement of the Measuring Mark on a Rotating Object

This paper provides a scientific justification for the potential to achieve a specified accuracy in measuring the spatial position of a tracking mark on a controlled rotating object using data from a cost-effective video camera. We conduct an error analysis of the displacement measurements of the tracking marker between consecutive frames in a video stream. A mathematical model is proposed to estimate the root mean square (RMS) error in the displacement of the marker within the image plane for a remote, non-contact position measurement sensor. This model accounts for camera parameters, marker characteristics, lighting conditions, and image distortions induced by motion and optical limitations of the lens. Our study demonstrates that high accuracy in measuring the angular position of an object is attainable through careful sensor design and optimal placement. Furthermore, we provide practical recommendations regarding the specifications of sensor components, tailored to the operational conditions and desired measurement accuracy.