Review of Battery Energy Storage Systems: Advancements and Applications in Power Systems

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) play a pivotal role in the transition towards sustainable energy grids, particularly when integrated with renewable energy sources like solar and wind. Recent advancements, particularly in lithium-ion battery technology, have contributed to cost reductions and performance improvements, driving BESS deployment across residential, commercial, and industrial applications. This review paper covers available energy storage technologies, the importance of BESS and control strategies in ensuring grid stability, deployment of BESS and its applications in detail. The optimization of energy management systems (EMS) and power systems and their integration with various power-generating systems are discussed and elaborated. Ongoing research, paired with strategic investments, will be instrumental in maximizing the capabilities of BESS in the evolving energy landscape. Finally, the paper offers a prospective view on the evolving role of BESS in the global energy sector, economic feasibility, need for further research, innovation, and large-scale deployment to meet future energy demands.