Thermal Effect of The Couple-Stress on MHD Flow in A Rotating Visco-Elastic Fluid Layer Heated from Below Saturating a Porous Medium

This paper investigates the thermal effects of couple-stress on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow in a rotating visco-elastic fluid layer saturated with a porous medium and heated from below. The investigation focuses on how couple-stress, magnetic field, rotation, and porous medium permeability influence the onset of thermal convection. A linear stability analysis is performed using the normal mode technique to derive the dispersion relation. Results indicate that couple-stress parameters and rotation tend to stabilize the system, while the magnetic field exhibits a significant damping effect on convective motion. The combined influence of these factors alters the critical conditions for instability, offering deeper insight into thermal behaviour in complex fluid systems. These results compare previous work and agree with each other.