Performance Enhancement of Microstrip Patch Antenna using Metamaterial-Based Lens for 5G Applications

The rapid growth of 5G networks requires compact and high-performance antennas. Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are popular due to their low profile and light weight. However, conventional MPAs suffer from limited gain, narrow bandwidth, and moderate radiation efficiency. This work presents a slotted MPA integrated with a metamaterial lens. The metamaterial lens improves electromagnetic wave control, resulting in enhanced gain, bandwidth, and efficiency. The proposed design achieves a peak gain of 12.8 dB, a bandwidth of 2.47 GHz, and 95% radiation efficiency. Compared to conventional wideband MPAs, the antenna shows better performance at millimeter-wave frequencies. Improved gain and wider bandwidth allow stronger signal transmission and support higher data rates. Further, the design is also robust to minor fabrication variations and material losses.