Modernization of Submersible Pump Designs for Sustainable Irrigation: A Bibliometric and Experimental Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

The modernization of submersible pump designs is essential for enhancing the sustainability and operational reliability of irrigation systems. This study integrated bibliometric analysis and experimental evaluation to address performance degradation caused by cavitation, sedimentation, and mechanical wear. The bibliometric analysis identifies increasing global research attention toward energy-efficient and reliable irrigation technologies. Experimental investigations assess pump efficiency, hydraulic performance, and component wear under controlled laboratory conditions. Physical inspections reveal that impeller erosion and casing degradation significantly reduce hydraulic stability because sediment-laden flows and cavitation accelerate material loss. To predict pump longevity, a vibration-based reliability model was developed, allowing early detection of failure progression and enabling condition-based maintenance. These design innovations improve irrigation efficiency and energy utilization while extending pump service life because they mitigate wear progression and operational instability. The outcomes contribute directly to multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in water resource management, clean energy utilization, food security, and climate resilience. This integrated approach provides a practical framework for sustaining irrigation infrastructures under growing agricultural and environmental demands.