DEVELOPMENT OF A CLINICAL-IMMUNOLOGICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING UNFAVORABLE MYOCARDIAL REMODELING IN CHILDREN WITH VSD AFTER TRANSCATHETER INTERVENTION

This study examines immune-related predictors of myocardial remodeling in children following transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD). Two hundred pediatric patients were observed at baseline, 1 month, and 12 months after the intervention. Assessments included echocardiography, cardiac MRI, cytokine and immunoglobulin profiles, and systemic inflammatory markers. Children with adverse remodeling showed increased IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein, together with reduced IL-10 and IgG levels. Imaging revealed ventricular enlargement and lower ejection fraction. A combined clinical-immunological risk model was established, demonstrating predictive accuracy of 86% sensitivity and 83% specificity. These findings highlight immune imbalance as a key determinant.