ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРАВОВИХ І ПРАКТИЧНИХ АСПЕКТІВ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЕЛЬ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ ТА НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ЇХ КОНТРОЛЮ

The article is devoted to the issues of legal and practical aspects of public procurement in Ukraine under martial law and the role of the control function in this process. It was established that public procurement in Ukraine is a key mechanism for meeting public needs and rational use of public funds. This area has a significant impact on economic stability and ensuring the effective functioning of public administration. The system has evolved from the centralized planning of the Soviet period to a modern model based on transparency, competition and international standards, thanks to which Ukraine was able to integrate into global procurement practices. The implementation of the Prozorro system was a major achievement of the reforms, ensuring access to information, competition, and public control, as well as significantly reducing corruption risks. Legislative and regulatory legal acts on public procurement issues, the history of the development of procurement activities were studied, the features of the organization and methodology of monitoring procurement and inspection of procurement as forms of control of procurement activities were considered, and measures were developed to optimize these forms of control. It is emphasized that the public procurement system faces challenges such as insufficient control, low qualification of participants, and corruption risks, which requires improvement through strengthening monitoring mechanisms, increasing the professional level of responsible persons, and further development of Prozorro functionality to improve its analytical capabilities. It is noted that in the context of martial law, the public procurement system of Ukraine has undergone significant changes aimed at ensuring efficiency, effectiveness, and compliance with such conditions, which allowed adapting procurement procedures to difficult conditions and ensuring the uninterrupted supply of necessary goods, works, and services to support the country's critical infrastructure and defense capability. It was concluded that during the period of martial law, purchasing companies optimized the procurement process, taking advantage of the opportunity to conclude direct contracts to ensure the prompt supply of goods, works and services, while continuing to adhere to the principles of transparency by publishing reports on completed purchases in the Prozorro system. To strengthen the effectiveness of external control of public procurement, it is necessary to strengthen internal control measures of procurement activities, in particular: analysis of tender documentation, verification of supply conditions and monitoring of contract implementation. This approach allows to reduce risks associated with unfair competition, non-compliance with technical requirements or delays in contract implementation. Identified violations are documented and become the basis for corrective measures. Developed internal regulations detail procurement procedures, ensure organization and compliance of the process with regulatory requirements. This contributes to increasing the level of professionalism of employees and coordination of actions at all stages of procurement. In addition, the implementation of automated monitoring systems using analytical modules and artificial intelligence algorithms allows for increased efficiency and transparency of procurement processes. A number of measures have been proposed to ensure public involvement in monitoring through the publication of open reports, the creation of online feedback platforms, and cooperation with anti-corruption organizations, which will contribute to public trust and strengthen control over the efficiency of spending material and financial resources.