Assessment of Various Factors Influencing Menstrual Health in Females between Menarche and Menopause

Menstrual health is shaped by physiological, environmental, and lifestyle factors across the female reproductive lifespan. Understanding these influences is vital for identifying patterns and risk factors associated with menstrual irregularities. This study aimed to assess menstrual irregularities and associated symptoms among women from menarche to menopause, and to examine the influence of lifestyle, physiological, and sociodemographic factors, including PCOS and hormonal medication use. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using an online questionnaire administered via SurveyHeart, with a total of 1,021 participants aged 10–50+ years. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression. Significant associations were observed between menstrual irregularities and body mass index (BMI; p < 0.001), dietary habits, physical inactivity (p = 9.78 × 10⁻¹⁸), and family history of PCOS (p < 0.001). Normal BMI emerged as a protective factor for menstrual regularity (OR = 4.49, 95% CI: 0.56–35.73). These findings highlight the importance of early identification and targeted health education to promote reproductive well-being.