Zamenis situla

Zamenis situla (Linnaeus, 1758) Remarks. One individual (Fig. 1 C) was observed on the same day in Kërvenik (42.111095, 21.256590) (Fig. 2), moving from the forest to a dry, open, and stony area. The congeneric species, Z. longissimus (Laurenti, 1768), had already been reported in the Republic of Kosovo, while Z. situla is reported here for the first time. The latter is present in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine (Uetz et al. 2025). Like T. fallax, its presence in the Republic of Kosovo is not surprising, as it occurs in all neighboring countries. This species is non-venomous, with an absence of a Duvernoy’s gland; a supposed record of anaphylaxis from the bite of a congener in Serbia is not supported by objective evidence (see below).