Assessment of Rural Leadership and Governance in Ethiopia

This study aimed at examining the status of rural leadership and governance in Tigray Region. The study employed qualitative approach using primary data captured through in depth interview and focus group discussions. The main sources of the primary data included Tigray Regional Council, Woreda councils, Civic Society Organizations and the private sector. The study revealed that the separation of power between the legislative and executive body is clearly indicated in both the federal and regional constitutions. In reality, however, the legislative body had been made to align itself with the interest of the executive body. Moreover, holding individuals accountable for performance by the council is minimal. Consequently, the society is questioning the effectiveness of councils in their monitoring and oversight. Although there are some improvements in the oversight and monitoring function at Region and Woreda levels, the problem at Tabia level is almost untouched. In addition, political appointment much outweighs meritocracy and professionalism in the placement of individuals. The study further revealed that governance issues in the rural areas are becoming more complex, making it difficult to be handled by the current social courts and rural land courts that have serious limitations in legal knowledge and skill. Besides, many of the mass associations in Tigray, often displayed accountability to the ruling party regardless of the interest of their members. Finally, serious limitations are observed in the delivery of agricultural, educational, and health services requiring interventions in the policies and their implementations.