IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND IRRIGATION PATTERNS IN THIRUVALLUR DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU

ABSTRACT Climate change poses a significant threat to ecosystems and human livelihoods, particularly through its impact on agriculture. Driven largely by anthropogenic activities such as fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and unsustainable agricultural practices, the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases—especially carbon dioxide—has led to global temperature rise and altered weather patterns. Since the pre-industrial era, atmospheric CO₂ levels have risen by nearly 50%, contributing to climate anomalies across regions. In Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, climate change is expected to severely affect agricultural productivity. Key challenges include erratic rainfall, rising temperatures, and increased frequency of droughts, which jeopardize the cultivation of essential crops like paddy, groundnut, and sugarcane. Water scarcity, due to unpredictable precipitation, further undermines traditional irrigation practices and sustainability. Additionally, climate variability is linked to higher incidences of pest attacks and crop diseases, exacerbating food security concerns. Addressing these issues requires the integration of spatial data analysis tools such as ArcGIS to monitor climatic trends, assess vulnerability, and design adaptive strategies. Promoting climate-resilient farming methods and efficient water management systems is vital for building agricultural resilience in the region. This study underscores the urgent need for data-driven planning to ensure sustainable agriculture and food security in the face of climate change. Key Words: Climate Change, Global Warming, Greenhouse Gases, Agriculture, Crop Yield, Rainfall Patterns, Irrigation, Water Scarcity, Pest Infestation, Food Security, Thiruvallur District, ArcGIS, Sustainable Farming, Climate Resilience..