Isolation, Biochemical And Biophysical Characterisation of Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria From Diesel Contaminated Environment

Environmental contamination by diesel fuel poses substantial ecological challenges, compromising both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems due to its persistent toxic properties. Biological remediation offers a sustainable and environmentally conscious solution to address these environmental concerns by utilising hydrocarbon-metabolising microorganisms. This research examines the bioremediation capabilities of Paenibacillus polymxa, obtained from a diesel-polluted location, for addressing diesel contamination issues. The isolated bacterial strain developed prominent, cream-coloured, textured colonies when grown on Bushnell-Haas medium and exhibited elongated, Gram-positive, motile characteristics with spore-forming capabilities. Biochemical analysis demonstrated broad metabolic capabilities, showing positive responses for catalase, oxidase, urease, casein degradation, and starch breakdown activities. Maximum diesel breakdown efficiency was observed at 5% diesel concentration, pH 9, and 37°C temperature, achieving a peak degradation rate of 70%. These results demonstrate the organism's durability and effectiveness in hydrocarbon metabolism, establishing it as a viable option for environmentally sustainable remediation of diesel-contaminated areas. Subsequent research should emphasise genetic optimisation, nutrient enhancement, consortium development, and field validation to confirm practical applications and commercial viability.