Regular Structures in Kronecker Permutations

Kronecker sequences $(k α\mod 1)_{k=1}^{\infty}$ for some irrational $α> 0$ have played an important role in many areas of mathematics. It is possible to associate to each finite segment $(k α\mod 1)_{k=1}^{n}$ a permutation $π\in S_n$ associated with the canonical lifting to two dimensions. We show that these permutations induced by Kronecker sequences based on irrational $α$ are extremely regular for specific choices of $n$ and $α$. In particular, all quadratic irrationals have an infinite number of choices of $n$ that lead to permutations where no cycle has length more than 4.

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ArXiv.org
Published
2025-09-04
Primary Topic
Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
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article
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article

Regular Structures in Kronecker Permutations

ArXiv.org
Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
article

Regular Structures in Kronecker Permutations

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Abstract

Kronecker sequences $(k α\mod 1)_{k=1}^{\infty}$ for some irrational $α> 0$ have played an important role in many areas of mathematics. It is possible to associate to each finite segment $(k α\mod 1)_{k=1}^{n}$ a permutation $π\in S_n$ associated with the canonical lifting to two dimensions. We show that these permutations induced by Kronecker sequences based on irrational $α$ are extremely regular for specific choices of $n$ and $α$. In particular, all quadratic irrationals have an infinite number of choices of $n$ that lead to permutations where no cycle has length more than 4.

ArXiv.org
Openalex Percentile: Top 48%
Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
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Regular Structures in Kronecker Permutations · ArXiv.org (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS