A Comparison of Physical Properties Plain Khadi Cotton Fabric and Madder Dyed Khadi Cotton Fabric Using Alum as a Mordant

Abstract Plain khadi cotton fabric has less acceptance as compared with any dyed khadi cotton fabric. As synthetic dyes are more harmful to human skin. So, in this study application of madder is a natural dye which can be use with alum as mordant. After application of madder as dyes material on plain fabric it shows changes in their physical properties. The physical properties were tested and concluded in this research. The result was shown increase and decrease in values of different physical properties. In this way this research paper compared changes in physical properties of plain khadi cotton fabric and dyed khadi cotton fabric. This study examines the comparative effects of natural dyeing using madder and alum as a mordant on the physical properties of plain khadi cotton fabric. As concerns about synthetic dyes grow due to their environmental and dermatological hazards, natural alternatives are gaining popularity. The experiment involved dyeing plain khadi cotton fabric with madder root extract using alum as a mordant and analyzing key physical properties such as elongation, tensile strength, tearing strength, bending length, and crease recovery. The findings reveal that dyeing alters these properties, with certain characteristics showing improvement—like crease recovery—while others, such as tensile and tearing strength, experienced slight reductions. The study highlights the suitability and sustainability of using natural dyes in textile applications, particularly for eco-conscious consumers and traditional textile revival efforts.