Green Chemistry for a Greener India: Innovations, Barriers, and Opportunities

Abstract Green chemistry offers a sustainable pathway to reduce the environmental impact of chemical processes while supporting economic development. In rapidly industrializing India, its adoption is vital for long-term ecological balance. This review highlights major innovations such as eco-friendly solvents, renewable feedstocks, energy-efficient processes, and sustainable waste management. Despite its promise, adoption is limited by high initial costs, regulatory hurdles, and scalability issues. However, government policies, industry-academia collaboration, circular economy models, and increased public awareness present strong opportunities. Strengthening regulations, promoting research, and incentivizing green practices can accelerate India’s transition to a cleaner, more resilient economy. Multi-stakeholder engagement is key to realizing the full potential of green chemistry for a sustainable future.