Evaluation of Liver and Kidney Function in Females Abusing Dexamethasone for Aesthetic Purposes

Background: Dexamethasone, a potent synthetic glucocorticoid, is increasingly misused by females for cosmetic body enhancement. Despite its therapeutic relevance, chronic abuse can impair vital organ systems, especially the liver and kidneys. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) measure liver function biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin) in females using dexamethasone, (2) assess renal function via serum urea, creatinine, and electrolytes, and (3) compare findings with age-matched non-users. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 60 female participants (30 dexamethasone users and 30 non-users) in Dutse, Jigawa State. Blood samples were collected at Dutse General Hospital and analyzed for liver enzymes at Sambo Clinic Laboratory. Kidney function tests were also performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25.0 with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Dexamethasone users showed significantly elevated levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin (p < 0.001). Kidney function parameters, including serum urea and creatinine, were also markedly increased among users. Electrolyte levels showed mild variation, with sodium significantly higher in users. Conclusion: Chronic dexamethasone use is associated with liver enzyme derangement and renal function impairment. Public awareness and regulation are essential to mitigate health risks related to steroid misuse for aesthetic purposes.