Impact of Data Centre on Climate Change: A Review of Energy Efficient Strategies

Abstract: Data centres are the foundation of the digital economy, supporting the growth of cloud computing, online services and very big data processing. Like many sectors, data centres are experiencing rapid growth, which increases many risks around energy use and climate. After providing a description of the current operations of data centres and links to climate change; energy use, carbon emissions and heat generation this review continues to highlight areas of energy inefficiency and provides a discussion of newer techniques in energy efficiency including virtualization, liquid cooling, renewable energy integration, artificial intelligence and resource optimization and server consolidation. By analysing the case studies and current state-of-the-art practices included in this review we are able to ascertain the likelihood of environmentally sustainable design and operational models to reduce carbon emissions profile