Comparative Analysis of 2D and 3D Visual Inspection Techniques for Precision Quality Assessment in Coffee Capsules

This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) systems, focusing on the context of the Horizon Europe project Zero Defects Zero Waste (ZDZW). The study conducts a thorough comparison between 2D and 3D computer vision techniques to evaluate their effectiveness in enhancing the quality analysis of coffee capsules. Through practical insights gained from the ZDZW project, this work aims to illuminate the strengths and trade-offs associated with each technique, providing valuable guidance for the design and implementation of AI-based solutions in NDI systems.