CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF FOREST CONSERVATION PRACTICES: THE CASE OF CHELIYA WOREDA, WEST SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE

ABSTRACT People in rural areas depend on the forest resources available for their livelihood. Clearing forests and the subsequent agricultural development has a detrimental effect on every element of local ecosystems. Deforestation is high in Ethiopia. Its causes of soil erosion, loss of biodiversity and climate change in the country. The objective of the study is to understand the challenges and opportunities of forest conservation practices in Cheliya Woreda. Two kebeles were selected purposely based on severity of deforestation. Primary data were collected through questionnaire distributed to 214 households who were selected through simple random sampling technique, interview, focus group discussion and personal observation. In addition, secondary data were supplemented the primary data. Purposive, proportionate and simple random sampling methods were employed in sample selection process. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed using frequency and percentage. In addition, qualitative e narrations were used to analyze the collected data. The study shows that the community wants to be involved more in the conservation activities including planting, tendering and protection of the newly planted trees. In addition, the local community employed forest guards to protect the trees, leading to better forest cover in the study area. However, it was reported that agricultural land expansion increased demand for fuel wood and lack of continuous education affect the forest cover. Besides, lack of cooperation and coordination among the local communities, Woreda forest bureau and NGO’s were identified as the main challenges of forest conservation practices in the study area. Furthermore, the results indicate that availability of favorable weather condition, fertile land and tree nurseries are the opportunities available to expand forest cover in the study area. In general, there are growing challenges for forest conservation in the Cheliya Woreda that could lead to forest degradation. Therefore, the researcher suggests that bio gas, wood saving stove, participation of local schools and appropriate training should be further strengthened to enhance a healthy forest cover in the Cheliya Woreda.