Observation of new interstellar clouds in the Libra constellation inside the Local Bubble

Context. The structure of the interstellar medium of our immediate Galactic environment has typically been studied by extinction, line emission, and absorption measurements. Interstellar clouds with moderate extinction (0.3 < AG < 1), however, may also appear as reflection nebulae in scattered light. Nearby translucent clouds may be detected by their cloud shine even inside the Local Bubble. Aims. We explore a so far less studied area at high Galactic latitude in a search for translucent clouds inside the Local Bubble. Methods. We mapped the sky in the visible spectral range on 21 July 2023 on the Namibian Khomas Highland with our telescope, which has a wide field of view. Optical imaging combined with multi-wavelength data helped us to localize clouds. We used Gaia DR3 data to estimate their distances and then derived their physical parameters. Results. We detected a pattern of elongated reflection nebulae in the Libra constellation at high Galactic latitudes (l = 332°, b = 36°). The stripes of this new interstellar cloud are roughly parallel to the Galactic plane and are associated with similar structures seen in H <ns0:sc>I</ns0:sc> 21 cm maps. We identified four cloud layers: (i) The nearest component with an extinction of AG ≤ 0.2 is closer than 50 pc. (ii) The second component with an extinction of AG 0.5 has an estimated distance of 60 pc. (iii) The third component lies at 75 pc with a similar extinction. (iv) The fourth component with an extinction of AG > 1.5 and an estimated distance of 135 pc may correspond to the wall of the Local Bubble (or Local Chimney), while the former components are inside of this wall. We named these clouds the Zebra nebula system because they have strong stripes. The cloud with the highest extinction in the centre of the region we studied is called the Zebra1 nebula. The size of this interstellar cloud is 6.5 pc × 1.6 pc, and it consists of mostly neutral atomic hydrogen, but small dense parts of the cloud may be molecular. Its total mass is 70M⊙ × (d/[60] pc)2. The Zebra1 nebula is surrounded by other less opaque clouds with similar distances. They are all located inside the Local Bubble. Conclusions. Wide-field optical imaging is capable of locating nearby high-latitude interstellar clouds. Apparently, there are still clouds to discover inside the Local Bubble (or Local Chimney).

Publication Details

Journal
Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)
Published
2025-09-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202554534/pdf
Primary Topic
Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
Type
article
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article

Observation of new interstellar clouds in the Libra constellation inside the Local Bubble

Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)
Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
article

Observation of new interstellar clouds in the Libra constellation inside the Local Bubble

article en

Abstract

Context. The structure of the interstellar medium of our immediate Galactic environment has typically been studied by extinction, line emission, and absorption measurements. Interstellar clouds with moderate extinction (0.3 < AG < 1), however, may also appear as reflection nebulae in scattered light. Nearby translucent clouds may be detected by their cloud shine even inside the Local Bubble. Aims. We explore a so far less studied area at high Galactic latitude in a search for translucent clouds inside the Local Bubble. Methods. We mapped the sky in the visible spectral range on 21 July 2023 on the Namibian Khomas Highland with our telescope, which has a wide field of view. Optical imaging combined with multi-wavelength data helped us to localize clouds. We used Gaia DR3 data to estimate their distances and then derived their physical parameters. Results. We detected a pattern of elongated reflection nebulae in the Libra constellation at high Galactic latitudes (l = 332°, b = 36°). The stripes of this new interstellar cloud are roughly parallel to the Galactic plane and are associated with similar structures seen in H <ns0:sc>I</ns0:sc> 21 cm maps. We identified four cloud layers: (i) The nearest component with an extinction of AG ≤ 0.2 is closer than 50 pc. (ii) The second component with an extinction of AG 0.5 has an estimated distance of 60 pc. (iii) The third component lies at 75 pc with a similar extinction. (iv) The fourth component with an extinction of AG > 1.5 and an estimated distance of 135 pc may correspond to the wall of the Local Bubble (or Local Chimney), while the former components are inside of this wall. We named these clouds the Zebra nebula system because they have strong stripes. The cloud with the highest extinction in the centre of the region we studied is called the Zebra1 nebula. The size of this interstellar cloud is 6.5 pc × 1.6 pc, and it consists of mostly neutral atomic hydrogen, but small dense parts of the cloud may be molecular. Its total mass is 70M⊙ × (d/[60] pc)2. The Zebra1 nebula is surrounded by other less opaque clouds with similar distances. They are all located inside the Local Bubble. Conclusions. Wide-field optical imaging is capable of locating nearby high-latitude interstellar clouds. Apparently, there are still clouds to discover inside the Local Bubble (or Local Chimney).

Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)
Openalex Percentile: Top 51%
Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
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Observation of new interstellar clouds in the Libra constellation inside the Local Bubble · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS