ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ БАНКІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСІВ

The article substantiates the theoretical and practical foundations for enhancing cybersecurity in the banking sector amid the active digital transformation of the economy. The study aims to identify the relationship between the level of digitalization in banking activities and the effectiveness of cybersecurity measures, as well as to determine directions for improving protective technologies and organizational mechanisms that ensure information security in banks. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive approach was applied, including the analysis of current cyber threats, review of regulatory frameworks, evaluation of technological solutions, and examination of international experience in financial institutions’ information security. The research findings reveal that the process of digitalizing the banking system is accompanied by increasing complexity of IT infrastructure, a growing number of vulnerable access points, and expanded volumes of processed data, which significantly heighten cyberattack risks. Considering this, effective cybersecurity is possible only through the implementation of innovative technologies, including early detection and response systems such as Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) and User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA), as well as the adoption of Zero Trust architecture, multi-factor authentication, and cryptographic data protection methods. The study also investigates the role of international standards, particularly ISO/IEC 27001, in forming an information security management system that enhances the cyber resilience of banking institutions. The experience of leading countries, including the European Union, the United States, Japan, and South Korea, is analyzed, demonstrating effective models of organizing financial sector cybersecurity based on intersectoral coordination, implementation of advanced standards, and development of incident response centers. Special attention is given to the activities of the National Bank of Ukraine in cybersecurity, as well as the need to strengthen interagency cooperation, improve the regulatory framework, and enhance the digital competencies of bank personnel. The study concludes that only an integrated approach combining technological innovation, regulatory governance, and management decisions contributes to building a reliable and resilient banking system in the context of the modern digital economy.