Evolution and Current Trends in Labour Analgesia: Bridging Comfort, Safety, and Accessibility

Abstract Labour analgesia has undergone significant evolution, with innovations transforming pain management from rudimentary techniques to evidence-based, patient-centered approaches. Epidural analgesia remains the gold standard; however, the incorporation of multimodal strategies, including neuraxial adjuvants, non-pharmacological methods, and personalized analgesia protocols has improved both maternal and neonatal outcomes. This review highlights the current evidence, emerging trends, and persisting challenges in labour analgesia, with a focus on accessibility and equity in low- and middle-income countries. Bridging the gaps in awareness, skilled manpower, and institutional resources is crucial for ensuring that effective, safe, and equitable pain relief becomes an integral component of modern obstetric care.