Presence of hexavalent chromium due to industrial effluents in underground water resources affecting the health of rural population living near the ganga river basin

Due to the numerous tanneries in Unnao, a significant amount of waste water is produced, and the effluents contain chromium, which can contaminate surface and subsurface water after seeping through the ground and becoming a powerful carcinogen. There are several types of chromium, with trivalent and hexavalent being the most common. When compared to Cr (VI), which has a high solubility and can quickly flow through groundwater and combine with it, Cr (III) has a low solubility. The samples used for this paper came from the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh (India), and they were examined for pH, electrical conductivity, total chromium, total hexavalent chromium, and a number of other physicochemical parameters. One of the sites, Dharamkata, has a Cr (VI) value of 2070 g/l, which is highly effective for contaminating unlined channels and contaminating both surface and groundwater. Different bio-waste products were employed to remove Cr (VI) in order to address the issue. The diphenyl-carbazide technique and the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy were used to measure the levels of Cr (VI) and total chromium. Hexavalent Chromium is highly oxidizing in nature and requires electron donor materials for reduction.