Detailed Review on Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their wide range of applications in medicine, catalysis, and electronics. Silver nanoparticles exhibit strong interactions with other particles, enhancing their antibacterial properties, and have optical responses largely depend therefore gained significant attention due to their distinctive physical, chemical, and optical characteristics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attained significant research interest owing to their distinct properties, including size- and shape-dependent optical, antimicrobial, and electrical characteristics. Numerous approaches have been explored for their synthesis, such as laser ablation, gamma and electron irradiation, chemical reduction, photochemical techniques, microwave-assisted processing, and biological methods. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these preparation strategies, broadly classified into physical, chemical, and biological routes. The article highlights the current progress in silver nanoparticle synthesis, while also discussing the advantages and limitations associated with each technique. In addition, the review emphasizes the future prospects and industrial relevance of these methods, aiming to outline their potential applications as well as the challenges that need to be addressed to advance large-scale and sustainable production laser. Silver nanoparticles exhibit strong interactions with other particles, and have therefore gained significant attention due to their distinctive physical, chemical and optical characteristics.