From Heartbeats to Reflexes: A Data‑Driven Five‑Dimensional Model of Biological Pacing Across

Background: A well‑documented inverse relationship exists between heart rateand lifespan. Objective: We extend this framework into a biological pacingpentad by integrating body size, breathing rate, and reaction time. Methods: Wecompiled representative species data (n=15) for body mass, heart rate, breathingrate, and lifespan, and ran log‑log regressions. Results: Heart rate scalesnegatively with body mass (slope=-0.26, R²=0.81) and lifespan scales negativelywith heart rate (slope=-1.08, R²=0.81). Conclusion: These trends quantitativelysupport a five‑axis model linking morphology, metabolism, and longevity.