A systematic review on applying cheap cost adsorbent to remove zinc from waste water

Heavy metals pose a significant threat to living organisms; therefore, researchers are developing a new method to remove heavy metals at a relatively low cost to reduce the risk of heavy metal contamination in water. High levels of zinc, a highly toxic and environmentally damaging, are found in wastewater from various industrial sources, including electroplating equipment, paint production, mineral extraction, pigment used in pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, and food processing. Various techniques are utilised in industries to remove metal zinc, a metal, through methods such as electro dialysis, ion exchange precipitation, electrochemical treatment, membrane separation via ultra-Nano filtration and reverse osmosis however, these methods are relatively costly and contingent upon particular conditions and optimal arrangements. Removing heavy metals from wastewater is often achieved through adsorption, a cost-effective mass transfer method that results in a sludge-free, healthy environment. Researchers are showing a particular interest in the method of using natural and biodegradable adsorbents. This study utilizes a range of adsorbents, including activated carbon, brick powder, natural materials like clay and zeolite, biological sorbents such as algae and various citrus and fruit peels, and by-products including cellulose and coal ash, for the removal of heavy metals from water. FTIR analysis is conducted on these adsorption materials to identify the functional groups responsible for adsorbing heavy metals. Bio adsorbents decompose quickly and contribute to a sludge-free environment. The experimental technique’s zinc content was influenced by several factors including metal concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH level, contact time between absorbent, solution and temperature. published by the Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences | JBES