Refugee Economic Integration: Prospects or Challenges?

This thesis examines the economic integration of refugees and considers whether it should be understood primarily as an opportunity or as a challenge for host societies. It analyses refugees’ participation in the labour market, the recognition of their skills, and the role of policies in shaping their inclusion. Particular attention is given to Italy and the broader European context, with comparisons of integration programmes, institutional frameworks, and the barriers commonly encountered by refugees. The findings indicate that, while refugees contribute valuable human capital and can strengthen economic dynamism, they often face significant obstacles such as legal restrictions, discrimination, and limited access to resources. The thesis concludes with policy recommendations aimed at promoting fairer and more sustainable forms of integration.