NEXT-GENERATION OPHTHALMIC IN-SITU GEL SYSTEMS: EMERGING TRENDS AND INNOVATIONS

Ocular drug delivery poses unique challenges due to anatomical barriers, rapid tear turnover, and poor bioavailability of conventional dosage forms. Ophthalmic in-situ gel systems have emerged as a promising approach, offering prolonged precorneal residence, controlled drug release, and improved patient compliance. Recent advances focus on smart polymers, stimuli-responsive mechanisms, nanotechnology integration, and patient-centric designs to overcome limitations of conventional gels. This review highlights the emerging trends and innovations in ophthalmic in-situ gel systems, including novel polymers, hybrid nanocarriers, clinical applications, and regulatory perspectives, providing future directions for ocular therapeutics.