Acute pancreatitis: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management

From modest oedema to severe pancreatic necrosis, acute pancreatitis is a prevalent cause of acute abdominal pain. Morbidity, mortality, and financial burden are all significantly impacted. Pancreatitis has a significant worldwide incidence, with central and eastern Europe having the highest rates. Acute pancreatitis is diagnosed by taking into account the patient's clinical symptoms, high blood lipase and/or amylase levels, and distinctive imaging results. Obstructive conditions such gallstones and biliary sludge, alcoholism, smoking, drug-induced pancreatitis, metabolic problems, trauma, medical operations, infections, vascular diseases, and autoimmune pancreatitis are among the causes of acute pancreatitis. Determining the severity of the illness, offering supportive care, treating the underlying cause, and avoiding complications are all part of appropriate therapy of acute pancreatitis. Death rates have decreased as a result of improvements in goal-directed therapy and the classification of acute pancreatitis severity.