Phrenapates educator Gebien 1910

Phrenapates educator Gebien 1910 Figs 3F, H, 4E–F, 6, 10A, 13 Phrenapates educator Gebien, 1910: 504. Diagnosis The three species P. erratus Rincon, Lumen & Kamiński nom. nov., P. educator, and P. latreillei are noticeably smaller than the other five species (21–28 mm in length vs 26–39 mm in larger species). Phrenapates erratus was only represented here by the lectotype (Fig. 14), and no additional material was found during this revision. Gebien (1911) noted that P. erratus is very similar to P. educator. Characters he listed were: P. educator displays a strongly concave lower lip (clypeal apex) vs P. erratus, mandibles that are more deeply hollowed out, and the slightly weaker humeral angles of the elytra that show the epipleural keel (which is covered in P. erratus). Upon comparison of P. erratus vs P. educator, many of these characters were either difficult to delineate, or found to include some variation within P. educator. Phrenapates educator is best separated from P. erratus by the distinct carina near the attachment point of the mandible, P. erratus has, instead, a weak carinate bump. The dorsal depression on the mandible is deeply punctate without setae, while the mandible of P. erratus is semi-rugose and has setae. The mentum, though variable, tends to be arcuate in P. erratus and sinuate in P. educator. Type material Lectotype (designated here) ECUADOR • ♂; (green label) “W. Ecuador / Pucay 300m / (Ohaus) XI.05. // Phrenapates / educator / X Geb // (red label) Type / No. 163 // Sammlung / H Gebien // (blue label) Tenebrionid Base / Aaron D. Smith / Catalog # 23175”; Teneb_base 23175; NHMB. Other material examined COLOMBIA • 1 spec.; Aguaral; Teneb_base 23183; NHMB. ECUADOR • 1 spec.; St Domingo, Colorados; Jun. 1981; G. Onoré leg.; Teneb_base 23245; CASC • 4 specs; Balzapampa Route de Quita Prov. de Bolivar; Sep.–Oct. 1893; M.de Mathan leg.; Teneb_base 23285 to 23288; MNHN • 2 spec.; 1922; Museum Paris Quito Cap D'Espinay; Teneb_base 23289 to 23290; MNHN • 1 spec.; W. Ecuador Pucay; 300 m a.s.l.; Nov. 1905; Ohaus leg.; Teneb_base 23169; NHMB. Redescription MEASUREMENTS. Length 21–26 mm, width 7–8 mm, specimens measured (n = 6). HEAD. Medial edge of mandibles without tooth, inner margin without crenulation. Galea with cluster of bristles situated toward apex. Mentum moderately sculptured, apex with medial notch; lateral apices produced. Supraorbital tubercles absent. Clypeal horn weakly arced (in lateral view); ending bluntly at tip. Status While the original description does not provide a specific number of specimens examined; it does indicate that there were multiple individuals by providing a size range (Gebien 1910). Therefore, we designate here a lectotype from the presumed syntype series (see above for label data). Distribution South America: Ecuador, Columbia (Fig. 6).