Floral composition in diverse restoration models utilizing Calliandra calothyrsus in Mt. Kitanglad, Lirongan, Talakag, Bukidnon

Biodiversity is critical to the ecosystem and human well-being. However, it is under threat due to deforestation and unsustainable practices that destroy the habitats. This study aimed to assess the biodiversity composition in the restoration area implemented in Mount Kitanglad, Bukidnon. The restoration model studied uses Calliandra calothyrsus, a large shrub to eliminate cogon grass and weeds in the early stages of restoration. A comprehensive biodiversity assessment was done in the restoration sites utilizing Calliandra following the Biodiversity Assessment and Monitoring System. Results showed 64 plant species from 32 families across the nine restoration sites. Calliandra calothyrsus correspondingly was the most abundant species, followed by planted Pinus kesiya and Falcataria falcata, indicating dominance of the family Fabaceae. Among sampling sites, the Shannon Species Diversity Index is moderate and did not vary among sites, with sites of young Calliandra at 2.728, followed by site with young mature Calliandra (2.693) and site with Calliandra and Indigenous Forest trees (2.667). The measure of evenness reached its highest value at site with young Calliandra (0.7737), showing a more even abundance of different species compared with the site of old Calliandra (0.3071) showing species dominance by Calliandra calothyrsus. Conservation status evaluations found endangered species of Cyathea contaminans and Shorea negrosensis, highlighting the importance of focused conservation efforts. The study revealed a diverse flora in the restoration areas influenced by a number of environmental factors. These results offer important insights for improving restoration strategies and biodiversity protection on Mt. Kitanglad. published by the Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences | JBES