Research analysis of prostate cancer in Saudi Arabia

Prostate cancer (PCa) is an emerging public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with increasing incidence and significant challenges in early detection and management. This review summarizes current research on PCa in Saudi Arabia, covering its incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes, screening practices, awareness, and recent advancements. We aim to offer a thorough understanding to healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the public. Data from observational studies, cancer registries, and clinical guidelines published between 2008 and 2024 were also reviewed. The incidence of prostate cancer is rising, with 752 new cases by 2022; however, it remains lower than that in Western countries. High metastasis rates at diagnosis (31.4%) and low screening uptake contribute to poor outcomes, with a 5-year survival rate of 49%. Treatment aligns with international standards; however, awareness and early detection lag. Enhanced screening and education are recommended to improve prognosis.