Estimation and Correlation of IL-6 And TNF Alpha with Procalcitonin as Biomarkers in Cases of Sepsis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Uttar Pradesh

Introduction: Sepsis is one of the grave concerns in public health. Despite the recent advances in medical practice, the mortality rate and diagnostic uncertainty remains high. Hence, reliable biomarkers are essential for timely diagnosis and prediction of outcomes. Aim and Objective: This study aimed to estimate and correlate Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF α) with Procalcitonin (PCT) in cases of sepsis. Methods and Material: This cross-sectional study (the ethical clearance number 67/2022-23 and REF NO: 516/UPUMS/DSW/Ethical/2022-23) was conducted from 1stDecember 2022 to 30th June, 2024. In this study, 100 clinically suspected sepsis patients were enrolled from Emergency department and Intensive Care Unit. Each patient was investigated for serum PCT, IL-6 and TNFα and blood cultures using the BACTEC automated blood culture system. Statistical analysis used: The collected data was analysed by using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 29.0. Results: The cut-off value for PCT was 2.3 ng/ml (sensitivity, 89.3%; specificity, 79.4%), 203 pg/ml for IL-6 (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 64.7%), 83.5pg/ml for TNF-α (sensitivity, 78.1%; specificity, 77.9%,). PCT showed significant positive correlation(r = 0.529) with IL-6 (p-value < 0.001) and TNF α (r = 0.639) (p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: PCT proved an excellent marker and a promising diagnostic tool for diagnosing sepsis. Additionally, the current study also confirmed its positive correlation with IL-6 and TNF α