Reconfigurable Metasurface Antennas based on Varactor Diodes

Radiation control of modulated metasurface antennas by means of tunable capacitances is studied in this work. Two reconfigurable topologies are presented, each of them performs beam-scanning controlled by the bias voltage of varactor diodes. The study commences from a single-layer metasurface antenna whose modulation period is actively changed, being extended to a double-layer design with scan angle dictated by a single parameter. Numerical results are reported, demonstrating the versatile control of the leaky-wave aperture field, as well as the good performance in terms of beam shape and field of view.