Ennearthron spenceri

Ennearthron spenceri (Hatch, 1962) Ennearthron victori Lopes-Andrade and Zacaro, 2003 Ennearthron melancholicum Rosa-Oliveira and Lopes-Andrade sp. n. Incertae sedis The following seven names are here formally excluded from the genus and left as incertae sedis within Ennearthron abeillei Caillol; Cis filum Abeille de Perrin; Ennearthron hayashii Nobuchi; Ennearthron Lohse; Cis pruinosulus Perris; Ennearthron reichei Abeille de Perrin; and Ennearthron reitteri Flach Andrade and Zacaro 2003; Lawrence 2016). These incertae sedis species were cited as doubtfully included in the genus by Lawrence (1971 noted that the Palearctic C. filum, E. hayashii and E. palmi are all quite small (1.4 mm or less), narrow cylindrical, with dentate protibial apices, the males with two small sex patches on the head; C. pruinosulus larger than the aforementioned three species and lacks dentate protibiae and cephalic sex patches in E. reitteri is short and broad, with a dual and indistinctly seriate elytral vestiture, a carinate prosternum lateral pronotal margins, and dentate protibial apices, and is likely unrelated to any of the aforementioned species. Additionally, based on our translation of the original descriptions (Abeille de Perrin 1874b; Caillol E. reichei, from Egypt, has the prosternum projecting in front of the coxae, protibiae slightly widened with a dentate outer apical angle and a spinose outer edge, and males possess one very long, directed cephalic horn and two broad, pointed pronotal horns, along with dense and distinct punctation contrast, E. abeillei, from Marseille (France), is described as having very fine and dense punctation, and confused vestiture of short, golden, scale-like setae, and males without cephalic or pronotal tions. The description of E. reichei closely matches those of species in the Cis tricornis group, restricted to the American continent (Borlini and Lopes-Andrade 2023), suggesting the possibility mislabelled specimens. Ennearthron abeillei was described as being similar in size and C. pruinosulus and may represent either a synonym or a closely related species.