THE INFLUENCE OF PROTON GRADIENTS IN ONCOLOGIC TREATMENT STRATEGIES

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to conventional therapies. Recent advances in gas-based therapies have highlighted the potential of molecular hydrogen (H₂) as a novel adjunct in cancer treatment. H₂ exhibits selective antioxidant properties, effectively neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals, which play a critical role in cancer progression. This action helps reduce oxidative stress and inflammation while preserving normal cellular functions. Moreover, hydrogen therapy has demonstrated immunomodulatory effects, including the inhibition of T-cell exhaustion and enhancement of anti-tumor immunity. Delivery methods such as hydrogen-rich water, gas inhalation, and electrochemical generation have shown efficacy in preclinical models of glioma, breast, and liver cancers. Additionally, hydrogen molecules may improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy by mitigating side effects and enhancing tumor response. While promising, further research is needed to optimize delivery systems and fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying hydrogen’s anti-cancer effects.