Endecous onthophagus

Endecous onthophagus (Berg, 1891) Calling song A chirp with few repetitions. The signal consists of short phrases lasting 0.2 ± 0.013 (0.187 –0.219) seconds, with 8.25 ± 0.5 (8–9) syllables each. Each phrase has intervals of 0.657 ± 0.194 (0.484 –0.868) seconds and a peak frequency of 5.29 ± 0 (5.29–5.29) kHz. Courtship song A chirp with long intervals between phrases. The signal contains short phrases, lasting 0.132 ± 0.01 (0.119 –0.143) seconds, separated by intervals of 1.105 ± 0.48 (0.803–1.66) seconds. Each phrase consists of 5.75 ± 0.5 (5–6) syllables and a peak frequency of 4.86 ± 0.046 (4.82–4.9) kHz. Aggressive song Composed of chirps varying in duration according to the intensity of the interaction between males. Each phrase lasts 0.258 ± 0.017 (0.248 –0.279) seconds, with intervals of 1.803 ± 0.128 (1.712 –1.894) seconds. Each phrase contains 9 ± 1 (8–10) syllables with a peak frequency of 4.944 ± 0.361 (4.68–5.34) kHz. Collection site Morro Redondo, at Tunel Maciel. Males were collected from rock crevices at heights above 1 metre. Acoustic signal emissions start at 7 pm and continue throughout most of the night. Males were collected and recorded in January 2019 and 2020, at 5 PM, with a temperature of 23°C (Figures 14A–C and 16D). Remarks Calling song previously described by Acosta et al. (2020) and Zefa et al. (2022b).